Chullos Travel

The biodiversity of Lauca National Park in Arica is notable for its adaptation to the extreme conditions of the Andean highlands. Here are some highlights:

Flora: Despite the arid conditions and extreme temperature variations, the park hosts a variety of plant species adapted to survive. These include species such as queñua trees (Polylepis spp.), tola shrubs (Baccharis spp.), and various grasses and herbaceous plants that have developed strategies to conserve water.
Fauna: Lauca National Park is home to a diversity of animal species adapted to high altitudes. Mammals include the vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), the vizcacha (Lagidium spp.), the culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus), and the Andean cat (Leopardus jacobita). Among birds, visitors can spot various species of flamingos (Phoenicopteridae), ducks (Anatidae), and eagles (Aquila spp.), among others.
Fish: In the waters of its lakes and lagoons, there are species of fish adapted to the altitude and temperature conditions of the highlands, such as the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
Endangered Species: The park also harbors endangered species such as the Andean flamingo (Phoenicoparrus andinus), which finds in the park’s lagoons a nesting and breeding ground.

The biodiversity of Lauca National Park is particularly valued due to the unique adaptation of these species to such an extreme environment, as well as the ecological and cultural importance it represents for the Arica and Parinacota region in Chile.

What do we find in Lauca National Park?

In Lauca National Park, visitors can encounter a variety of stunning landscapes and unique species adapted to the harsh conditions of the Andean highlands. Here’s an overview of what you can find:

Volcanic Landscapes:

The park is characterized by volcanic landscapes, with imposing mountains and snow-capped peaks reaching altitudes over 6,000 meters above sea level. Notable features include Parinacota Volcano and Pomerape Volcano, which contribute to the park’s scenic beauty.

High Altitude Lakes and Lagoons:

Numerous glacial lakes and lagoons are found within the park, such as Chungará Lake, the largest and highest lake in Chile. These bodies of water not only offer spectacular scenery but also serve as habitats for various species of waterfowl and fish adapted to high-altitude conditions.

Adapted Flora:

Despite the extreme conditions, the park hosts a variety of plant species adapted to the high Andean plateau. These include queñoa trees (Polylepis spp.), tola shrubs (Baccharis spp.), and other herbaceous plants that have developed strategies to survive in arid and high-altitude environments.

Andean Wildlife:

Lauca National Park is home to a rich diversity of Andean wildlife. Mammals include the vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), the vizcacha (Lagidium spp.), the culpeo fox (Lycalopex culpaeus), and the Andean cat (Leopardus jacobita). Among birds, visitors can spot various species of flamingos (Phoenicopteridae), ducks (Anatidae), and condors (Vultur gryphus).

Aymara Culture:

In addition to its natural biodiversity, the park holds significant cultural importance. It is inhabited by the indigenous Aymara people, whose culture and traditions remain integral to life in the region. Visitors have the opportunity to learn about the history and worldview of this ethnic group, which has inhabited these lands for centuries.

In summary, Lauca National Park offers a unique experience for nature and culture enthusiasts, featuring breathtaking landscapes, exceptionally adapted biodiversity, and the chance to immerse oneself in the rich cultural heritage of Chile’s Andean region.

parque nacional de lauca

How to get to Lauca National Park?

To reach Lauca National Park from Arica:

Take Route 11-CH eastbound from Arica.
Drive approximately 2.5 to 3 hours until you reach Putre, the nearest town to the park.
From Putre, continue east on Route 11-CH for about 50 km until you reach the main entrance of Lauca National Park.

Public transportation options are available from Arica to Putre, where taxis and guided tours to the park are also accessible. Be prepared for high altitudes and rapid weather changes.

Recommendations for visiting Lauca

Here are some recommendations for visiting Lauca National Park:

Altitude Preparation: Lauca National Park is located at high altitudes, with some areas exceeding 4,000 meters (13,000 feet). It’s essential to acclimatize gradually to prevent altitude sickness. Spend a day or two in Arica or Putre before heading higher into the park.
Clothing and Gear: Bring layered clothing suitable for varying temperatures and weather conditions. Even in summer, nights can be cold at high altitudes. Sun protection (hat, sunglasses, sunscreen) is crucial due to the intense sunlight at altitude.
Water and Snacks: Carry plenty of water to stay hydrated, especially at high altitudes where dehydration can occur more quickly. Pack snacks to keep energy levels up during hikes or excursions.
Respect Wildlife and Environment: Lauca is home to diverse wildlife and fragile ecosystems. Respect wildlife by observing from a distance and adhering to park regulations. Leave no trace—carry out all trash and avoid disturbing natural habitats.
Guided Tours or Information: Consider joining a guided tour or hiring a local guide in Putre. They can provide insights into the park’s ecology, culture, and ensure you visit key viewpoints and areas safely.
Photography and Binoculars: Lauca offers stunning landscapes and wildlife viewing opportunities. Bring a camera with a zoom lens or binoculars to capture and observe the wildlife and scenic vistas.
Cultural Sensitivity: The park is also home to the Aymara people, who have a rich cultural heritage. Respect their traditions and property while exploring the area.
Weather Awareness: Weather conditions in Lauca can change rapidly, from bright sunshine to sudden storms. Check the weather forecast before heading out and be prepared for unexpected changes.